Digestion and how nutrients reach the blood

Grade 9 Science Worksheet - Building Confidence

Circle the best answer.

1. 1.

   Bo reads the tract map with one helper organ. Which box is a helper that food does not pass through?

   • Box Z, the pancreas, which sends enzymes into box Y
   • Box X, the stomach, which holds food and churns it
   • Box Y, the small intestine, which finishes digestion
   • Box W, the esophagus, which pushes food along
2. 2.

   “Helper map (model, not to scale):” Esme reads the helper map. Which organ makes the bile, and which organ stores it?

   • The gallbladder makes it, and the liver stores it
   • The liver makes it, and the pancreas stores it
   • The pancreas makes it, and the gallbladder stores it
   • The liver makes it, and the gallbladder stores it
3. 3.

   Chewing breaks a slice of bread into smaller pieces without changing its starch. Jun asks what kind of digestion chewing is.

   • Absorption, which moves nutrients into the blood
   • Mechanical digestion, which breaks food into smaller pieces
   • Mechanical digestion is the whole of digestion, so enzymes are not needed
   • Chemical digestion, which changes starch into sugar
4. 4.

   In the stomach, muscles churn a mouthful of beans while acid and pepsin act on it. Luz asks which part is mechanical digestion.

   • The acid, which helps pepsin start working
   • No part, because the stomach holds food until it moves on
   • The pepsin, which breaks protein into smaller peptides
   • The churning, which mixes and breaks up the food
5. 5.

   Milo learns that saliva contains the enzyme amylase. Which food nutrient does amylase break down?

   • Starch, found in foods such as bread and rice
   • Protein, found in foods such as beans and eggs
   • Starch, protein and fat, since one enzyme digests the three foods
   • Fat, found in foods such as nuts and oil
6. 6.

   Noah eats a bowl of beans. Pepsin in the stomach starts breaking down one nutrient in them. Which nutrient is it?

   • Fat, which pepsin breaks into fatty acids
   • Sugar, which pepsin breaks into smaller sugars
   • Protein, which pepsin breaks into smaller peptides
   • Starch, since pepsin and amylase break down the same food
7. 7.

   Pia eats a handful of nuts. Lipase, with help from bile, works on the oil in them. What does lipase make?

   • Fatty acids and monoglycerides, which are small enough to absorb
   • Sugars, which are small enough to absorb
   • Amino acids, which are small enough to absorb
   • Bile, which is stored in the gallbladder

8. Read this first

   Map (model, not to scale)

   One arrow runs from the digested sugars in the small intestine to a box marked ?. Other boxes on the map are the lacteal, the stomach lining and the large intestine.

9. 8.

   Ren reads the map. After an apple is digested, where do its sugars go first when they are absorbed?

   • On to the large intestine, where most absorption happens
   • Into the blood capillaries of the villi
   • Into the stomach lining, where most absorption happens
   • Into the lacteals of the villi

10. Use this

    Map (model, not to scale):

11. 9.

    Tala reads the map. What does the arrow from the large intestine to the circulatory system carry?

    • Water, taken back from the leftover material
    • Pepsin, to finish digesting the protein
    • Bile, to finish digesting the fats
    • Most of the sugars and amino acids from the meal
12. 10.

    Zee reads the map of where a meal's nutrients enter the blood. Which organ goes in the box marked ?

    • The esophagus, which carries food to the stomach
    • The large intestine, which receives the leftovers
    • The small intestine, which has villi
    • The stomach, which churns food and starts protein digestion