Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells compared
Grade 9 Science Worksheet - Building Confidence
Circle the best answer.
Read this first
Use this
Bacterium (model drawing, not to scale).
Ari studies a model drawing of a bacterium. Letter D points to the tangled loop of DNA in the middle of the cell. What is D called?
- The nucleus, as in a tiny animal cell
- A ribosome
- The cell wall
- The nucleoid
Esme says only plant cells have a rigid outer layer. Letter A points to that layer on this bacterium. Which statement is right?
- A is a cell wall, and bacteria have one too
- A is a cell wall, which a bacterium lacks, so the drawing is wrong
- A is a cell wall, so this must be a plant cell drawing
- A is a plasma membrane, so this cell has no wall
Use this
Two cell cutaways side by side (model drawing, not to scale) above a Venn diagram. Left cutaway: a prokaryotic cell. Right cutaway: a eukaryotic (animal) cell. Venn diagram, left circle, prokaryotic cell only: DNA in a nucleoid; no membrane-bound organelles. Right circle, eukaryotic cell only: DNA inside a nucleus; membrane-bound organelles. Overlap, both cells: plasma membrane; cytoplasm; ribosomes; DNA.
Jun reads a Venn diagram of two kinds of cell. In which part is the word ribosomes written?
- Outside both circles, so neither kind of cell has them
- In the right circle, so just eukaryotic cells have them
- In the overlap, so both kinds of cell have them
- In the left circle, so just prokaryotic cells have them
Kira uses the Venn diagram to check a statement about DNA. Which sentence agrees with the diagram?
- Just prokaryotic cells have DNA, and it is kept in a nucleoid
- Both kinds of cell have DNA, and a prokaryote keeps it in a nucleoid
- Just eukaryotic cells have DNA, because DNA needs a nucleus
- Both kinds of cell keep their DNA inside a nucleus
Word card (model). The word to define is prokaryote. Examples named on the card: bacteria and archaea. Not to scale. Milo learns the word prokaryote. Which meaning is right?
- A cell that keeps its DNA safe inside a nucleus
- A tiny animal cell that is too small to hold a nucleus
- A cell with no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles
- A cell that has ribosomes and a membrane but no DNA
Use this
Word card (model). The word to define is cell wall. Cells with a wall on the card: a bacterium, a plant cell, a fungal cell. Not to scale.
Noah learns the word cell wall. Which meaning is right?
- A jelly-like fluid that fills the inside of the cell
- A rigid outer layer found in bacteria, plants and fungi
- A rigid outer layer found in plant cells, but not in other cells
- A thin outer layer that separates the cell from its surroundings
Use this
Word card (model). The word to define is plasma membrane. It appears in both a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell. Not to scale.
Pia learns the word plasma membrane. Which meaning is right?
- The region where a prokaryote keeps its DNA
- The outer covering that separates the cell's inside from its surroundings
- The jelly-like fluid that fills the inside of the cell
- The rigid layer that gives a plant cell its shape
Cell diameters (real data, from OpenStax Biology)
kind of cell diameter in µm prokaryotic cell 0.1 to 5.0 eukaryotic cell 10 to 100 Ren reads the table. About how wide is a prokaryotic cell?
- 10 to 100 µm
- 5.0 to 10 µm
- 0.1 to 100 µm
- 0.1 to 5.0 µm
A bacterium in Tala's pond-water sample is about 2 µm wide. Using the table, which kind of cell does that size fit?
- Eukaryotic, since a bacterium is a tiny animal cell
- Neither, since no cell is as small as 2 µm
- Prokaryotic, since 2 µm is inside 0.1 to 5.0 µm
- Eukaryotic, since 2 µm is inside 10 to 100 µm
Zee uses the table. Which kind of cell is about 10 to 100 µm across?
- Eukaryotic cells
- Both kinds of cell, since cells are alike in size
- Bacteria, since a bacterium is an animal cell and animal cells are large
- Prokaryotic cells