Sex-linked traits and reading a pedigree
Grade 9 Science Worksheet

Circle the best answer.
Ari fills an empty Punnett square for model parents XBXb and XBY. Which statement about the offspring is true?
- No XY offspring have the trait, because the X comes from the XY parent
- Half of the offspring have the trait, in both XX and XY
- Half of the XY offspring have the trait, and no XX offspring do
- Half of the XX offspring have the trait, and no XY offspring do
Bo fills an empty square for the X-linked eye color that Morgan studied in fruit flies, using model genotypes XWXw and XwY. Which list gives the eye colors?
Punnett square for eye color in fruit flies (model cross; XW is the red-eye allele and is dominant to Xw, the white-eye allele; the Y has no copy of this gene). Top parent XWXw (alleles XW and Xw across the top); side parent XwY (alleles Xw and Y down the side). Boxes: all four boxes blank. Punnett square for eye color in fruit flies (model cross; XW is the red-eye allele and is dominant to Xw, the white-eye allele; the Y has no copy of this gene). Top parent XWXw (alleles XW and Xw across the top); side parent XwY (alleles Xw and Y down the side). Boxes: all four boxes blank. Punnett square for eye color in fruit flies (model cross) XW Xw Xw Y Top parent XWXw; side parent XwY. XW is the red-eye allele and is dominant to Xw, the white-eye allele; the Y has no copy of this gene. - 1 red-eyed female : 1 white-eyed female : 1 red-eyed male : 1 white-eyed male
- 2 red-eyed females : 1 red-eyed male : 1 white-eyed male
- 3 red-eyed flies : 1 white-eyed fly
- 2 red-eyed females : 2 white-eyed males
Esme fills an empty square for model parents XBXB and XbY. Which statement is true?
Punnett square for color vision (model cross; XB is the typical color vision allele and is dominant to Xb, the red-green color vision difference allele; the Y has no copy of this gene). Top parent XBXB (alleles XB and XB across the top); side parent XbY (alleles Xb and Y down the side). Boxes: all four boxes blank. Punnett square for color vision (model cross; XB is the typical color vision allele and is dominant to Xb, the red-green color vision difference allele; the Y has no copy of this gene). Top parent XBXB (alleles XB and XB across the top); side parent XbY (alleles Xb and Y down the side). Boxes: all four boxes blank. XB XB Xb Y Punnett square for color vision (model cross). XB is the typical color vision allele and is dominant to Xb, the red-green color vision difference allele; the Y has no copy of this gene. Top parent XBXB; side parent XbY. - No offspring have the trait, but the XX offspring are carriers
- The XX offspring have the trait, since the XY parent has it
- Half of the offspring have the trait and half are carriers
- The XY offspring have the trait, because the X comes from the XY parent
Read this first
Model group of XY individuals, Northern European ancestry (model counts; rate from NIH MedlinePlus Genetics)
group number in model group about how many have the red-green color vision difference XY individuals 1,200 1 in 12 Kira reads a model group of 1,200 XY individuals. About how many are expected to have the red-green color vision difference?
- 100 individuals
- 6 individuals
- 14,400 individuals
- 1,188 individuals
Two model groups, Northern European ancestry (model counts; rates from NIH MedlinePlus Genetics)
group number in model group rate with the red-green color vision difference XY individuals (men) 2,400 1 in 12 XX individuals (women) 2,400 1 in 200 Luz reads two model groups. About how many more XY than XX individuals are expected to have the trait?
- 0 more
- 2,388 more
- 212 more
- 188 more
Model offspring card (model)
item detail offspring XbY parent 1 an XX individual parent 2 an XY individual Noah reads a model offspring card. From which parent did the XbY offspring receive its Xb allele?
- From either parent, because both parents pass on an X
- From both parents, because the trait needs two Xb alleles
- From the XX parent, because the XY parent passes on a Y
- From the XY parent, because an XY offspring takes its X from the XY parent
Genotype list (model)
genotype chromosomes XBXB XX XBXb XX XbXb XX XBY XY XbY XY. XB is dominant to Xb Pia reads a genotype list. Which choice holds every genotype that shows the red-green color vision difference?
- XbXb and XbY
- XBXb, XbXb and XbY
- XbXb (the Y covers the Xb allele in XbY)
- XbY and XBY (both XY genotypes)
Use this
a circle with no dot is not marked either way.
Pedigree of a made-up family for the red-green color vision difference (squares are XY individuals, circles are XX individuals, a filled symbol has the trait, a circle with a dot is a marked carrier; a circle with no dot is not marked either way). Generation I: I-1, a square with no trait; I-2, a circle with a dot. Generation II: II-1, a circle with no trait (child of I-1 and I-2); II-2, a filled square (child of I-1 and I-2); II-3, a square with no trait (child of I-1 and I-2). Pedigree of a made-up family for the red-green color vision difference (squares are XY individuals, circles are XX individuals, a filled symbol has the trait, a circle with a dot is a marked carrier; a circle with no dot is not marked either way). Generation I: I-1, a square with no trait; I-2, a circle with a dot. Generation II: II-1, a circle with no trait (child of I-1 and I-2); II-2, a filled square (child of I-1 and I-2); II-3, a square with no trait (child of I-1 and I-2). Pedigree of a made-up family red-green color vision difference Generation I I-1 I-2 Generation II II-1 II-2 II-3 squares are XY individuals circles are XX individuals a filled symbol has the trait a circle with a dot is a marked carrier Ren reads a made-up pedigree. II-2 is a filled square. From which parent did II-2 receive the Xb allele?
- From both I-1 and I-2 (the trait needs two Xb alleles)
- From I-1 (an XY child takes its X from the XY parent)
- From I-2 (an XY child takes its X from the XX parent)
- From neither, since neither parent has the trait
Tala reads the same pedigree. II-1 is a circle with no dot, so II-1 is not marked either way. What is the chance that II-1 carries Xb?
Use the picture in question 8.
- 1 in 1
- 0
- 1 in 4
- 1 in 2
Use this
Pedigree of a made-up family for the red-green color vision difference (squares are XY individuals, circles are XX individuals, a filled symbol has the trait, a circle with a dot is a marked carrier; a circle with no dot is not marked either way).
Zee reads a made-up pedigree. II-1 is a filled circle. Which statement fits the pedigree?
Pedigree of a made-up family for the red-green color vision difference (squares are XY individuals, circles are XX individuals, a filled symbol has the trait, a circle with a dot is a marked carrier; a circle with no dot is not marked either way). Generation I: I-1, a filled square; I-2, a circle with a dot. Generation II: II-1, a filled circle (child of I-1 and I-2); II-2, a square with no trait (child of I-1 and I-2). Pedigree of a made-up family for the red-green color vision difference (squares are XY individuals, circles are XX individuals, a filled symbol has the trait, a circle with a dot is a marked carrier; a circle with no dot is not marked either way). Generation I: I-1, a filled square; I-2, a circle with a dot. Generation II: II-1, a filled circle (child of I-1 and I-2); II-2, a square with no trait (child of I-1 and I-2). red-green color vision difference Generation I Generation II I-1 I-2 II-1 II-2 square: XY individual circle: XX individual filled symbol has the trait circle with a dot: marked carrier circle with no dot: not marked either way - II-1 has one Xb allele, and one is enough to show the trait
- II-1 has two Xb alleles, and both came from I-2
- II-1 has two Xb alleles: one from I-1 and one from I-2
- II-1 is a carrier, since a filled circle marks a carrier