Monarchy, oligarchy, democracy and republic: who holds power
Grade 6 Social Studies Worksheet - Challenge Me

Circle the best answer.
Which of the two, the United States or the United Kingdom, has a king or queen as head of state, Tala asks?
- The United States
- The United Kingdom
- Neither of them
- Both of them
Which two governments in Ari's table have no king or queen?
Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United States": [1] Who holds power? The citizens, who vote; [2] Voters elect the House of Representatives every second year, and a President serves a four-year term; [3] Those elected make and carry out the laws; [4] The Constitution promises every state a republican form of government: a republic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United States": [1] Who holds power? The citizens, who vote; [2] Voters elect the House of Representatives every second year, and a President serves a four-year term; [3] Those elected make and carry out the laws; [4] The Constitution promises every state a republican form of government: a republic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. United States [1] Who holds power? The citizens, who vote [2] Voters elect the House of Representatives every second year, and a President serves a four-year term [3] Those elected make and carry out the laws [4] The Constitution promises every state a republican form of government: a republic Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. - Rome and the United Kingdom
- Rome and the United States
- The United States and the United Kingdom
- The United Kingdom alone
Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "Rome, in the time of the republic": [1] Who holds power? Three parts share it: the consuls, the Senate and the people; [2] The consuls lead for a year, the Senate controls the treasury, and the people approve or reject laws; [3] A viewer who watched only the consuls saw a monarchy, only the Senate a few rulers, only the people a democracy; [4] So the Greek writer Polybius called the constitution a mix of three forms. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "Rome, in the time of the republic": [1] Who holds power? Three parts share it: the consuls, the Senate and the people; [2] The consuls lead for a year, the Senate controls the treasury, and the people approve or reject laws; [3] A viewer who watched only the consuls saw a monarchy, only the Senate a few rulers, only the people a democracy; [4] So the Greek writer Polybius called the constitution a mix of three forms. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Rome, in the time of the republic [1] Who holds power? Three parts share it: the consuls, the Senate and the people [2] The consuls lead for a year, the Senate controls the treasury, and the people approve or reject laws [3] A viewer who watched only the consuls saw a monarchy, only the Senate a few rulers, only the people a democracy [4] So the Greek writer Polybius called the constitution a mix of three forms Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Which part of Rome's government controlled the treasury, by Bo's chain?
- The consuls
- The Senate
- A king
- The people
A viewer watches only Rome's consuls. Which form of government would Rome seem to have, by Esme's chain?
Use the picture in question 3.
- An oligarchy: rule by a few
- A monarchy: rule by one
- A theocracy: rule by religious leaders
- A democracy: rule by the many
Why did Polybius find Rome's government hard to label, Kira asks?
Use the picture in question 3.
- The consuls held the power at that time
- The people held no power at that time
- Three parts shared power, each like a different form
- Rome had no government at that time
Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United Kingdom": [1] Who holds power? An elected Parliament, which makes and passes the laws; [2] A king or queen serves as the country's Head of State; [3] The monarch does not take part in politics or run the government; [4] So it is a constitutional monarchy. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United Kingdom": [1] Who holds power? An elected Parliament, which makes and passes the laws; [2] A king or queen serves as the country's Head of State; [3] The monarch does not take part in politics or run the government; [4] So it is a constitutional monarchy. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. United Kingdom [1] Who holds power? An elected Parliament, which makes and passes the laws [2] A king or queen serves as the country's Head of State [3] The monarch does not take part in politics or run the government [4] So it is a constitutional monarchy Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Which sentence about a republic and a constitutional monarchy is careful, Luz asks?
- Both forms can have elected lawmakers
- A monarchy is better than a republic
- A republic has no leaders
- A monarchy cannot have an elected body
Does the United Kingdom's king or queen make the laws, by Milo's chain?
Use the picture in question 6.
- No: the Senate passes them
- Yes: the monarch passes them alone
- Yes: the consuls pass them
- No: an elected Parliament passes them
Noah's note says, "The United States has a king as head of state." Which fix is right?
Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United States": [1] Who holds power? The citizens, who vote; [2] Voters elect the House of Representatives every second year, and a President serves a four-year term; [3] Those elected make and carry out the laws; [4] The Constitution promises every state a republican form of government: a republic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United States": [1] Who holds power? The citizens, who vote; [2] Voters elect the House of Representatives every second year, and a President serves a four-year term; [3] Those elected make and carry out the laws; [4] The Constitution promises every state a republican form of government: a republic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. United States [1] Who holds power? The citizens, who vote [2] Voters elect the House of Representatives every second year, and a President serves a four-year term [3] Those elected make and carry out the laws [4] The Constitution promises every state a republican form of government: a republic Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. - Change United States to Rome's republic
- Leave it: the crown passes to a child
- Change it: a President serves a four-year term
- Change king to consul
Pia's note says, "In the United Kingdom the king or queen makes the laws." Which fix is right?
Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United Kingdom": [1] Who holds power? An elected Parliament, which makes and passes the laws; [2] A king or queen serves as the country's Head of State; [3] The monarch does not take part in politics or run the government; [4] So it is a constitutional monarchy. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "United Kingdom": [1] Who holds power? An elected Parliament, which makes and passes the laws; [2] A king or queen serves as the country's Head of State; [3] The monarch does not take part in politics or run the government; [4] So it is a constitutional monarchy. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. United Kingdom [1] Who holds power? An elected Parliament, which makes and passes the laws [2] A king or queen serves as the country's Head of State [3] The monarch does not take part in politics or run the government [4] So it is a constitutional monarchy Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. - Change laws to treasury
- Leave it: the monarch makes the laws alone
- Change it: Parliament makes the laws
- Change it: the consuls make the laws
Ren's note says, "In Rome's republic only one person held power." Which fix is right?
Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "Rome, in the time of the republic": [1] Who holds power? Three parts share it: the consuls, the Senate and the people; [2] The consuls lead for a year, the Senate controls the treasury, and the people approve or reject laws; [3] A viewer who watched only the consuls saw a monarchy, only the Senate a few rulers, only the people a democracy; [4] So the Greek writer Polybius called the constitution a mix of three forms. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Table "Three more governments", columns Government | Who holds power | Head of state: Rome, in the time of the republic | the consuls, the Senate and the people share it | the consuls, for a year each; United States | voters, through the members of Congress they elect | a President who serves a four-year term; United Kingdom | an elected Parliament makes the laws | a king or queen. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "Rome, in the time of the republic": [1] Who holds power? Three parts share it: the consuls, the Senate and the people; [2] The consuls lead for a year, the Senate controls the treasury, and the people approve or reject laws; [3] A viewer who watched only the consuls saw a monarchy, only the Senate a few rulers, only the people a democracy; [4] So the Greek writer Polybius called the constitution a mix of three forms. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4. Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. Rome, in the time of the republic [1] Who holds power? Three parts share it: the consuls, the Senate and the people [2] The consuls lead for a year, the Senate controls the treasury, and the people approve or reject laws [3] A viewer who watched only the consuls saw a monarchy, only the Senate a few rulers, only the people a democracy [4] So the Greek writer Polybius called the constitution a mix of three forms Below the chain: structure only; no officeholders or parties are named. Sources: Polybius, Histories, Book 6; US Constitution; royal.uk. - Leave it: the consuls held it alone
- Change it: the people held it alone
- Change it: three parts shared power
- Change Rome to Babylon