Check one source against another before trusting it
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet - Building Confidence
Circle the best answer.
Read this first
Cieza on Inca roads
Who made it: Pedro de Cieza de León, a Spanish soldier and official chronicler of Peru. When: about 1550 (he died in 1554). Where: Peru. For whom: readers in Spain. Why: to record the lands and peoples of Peru. Excerpt (Cieza de León, Chronicle of Peru, part 2, chapter 15; English translation by Clements R. Markham, 1883, p. 42): "One of the things which I admired most, in contemplating and noting down the affairs of this kingdom, was to think how and in what manner they can have made such grand and admirable roads as we now see… In some places, to secure the regular width, it was necessary to hew [cut] a path out of the living rock; all which was done with fire and their picks. In other places the ascents were so steep and high that steps had to be cut from below to enable the ascent to be made, with wider spaces at intervals for resting-places." Source card "Inca roads: what historians say today". Who made it: historians writing today. When: today. Where: the Andes of South America. For whom: readers today. Why: to sum up what research has found. Summary in our words, not a quotation: The Inca road system was about 30,000 to 40,000 km long; sources give different totals. Messages, goods and travelers moved on it without wheels. Relay runners called chasquis took over from each other at stations a few km apart (accounts range from about 2.5 to 9 km), and roadside tambos held supplies and lodging.
Ari reads both cards about Inca roads. On which point do they agree?
- The roads were short and flat
- The roads were built in Spain
- The roads crossed hard mountain ground
- The roads used wheeled carts
Cieza on shelters
Who made it: Pedro de Cieza de León, a Spanish soldier and official chronicler of Peru. When: about 1550 (he died in 1554). Where: Peru. For whom: readers in Spain. Why: to record the lands and peoples of Peru. Excerpt (Cieza de León, Chronicle of Peru, part 2, chapter 15; English translation by Clements R. Markham, 1883, p. 43): "In the snowy wildernesses and plains, shelter-houses were built, where travellers could take refuge from the cold and rain." Source card "Inca roads: what historians say today". Who made it: historians writing today. When: today. Where: the Andes of South America. For whom: readers today. Why: to sum up what research has found. Summary in our words, not a quotation: The Inca road system was about 30,000 to 40,000 km long; sources give different totals. Messages, goods and travelers moved on it without wheels. Relay runners called chasquis took over from each other at stations a few km apart (accounts range from about 2.5 to 9 km), and roadside tambos held supplies and lodging.
Esme wants a claim both cards back. Which one is it?
- Cieza walked each road himself
- The roads had no shelters
- The roads were 30,000 to 40,000 km long, says Cieza
- The Inca built roads with help for travelers
Cieza on Inca roads
Who made it: Pedro de Cieza de León, a Spanish soldier and official chronicler of Peru. When: about 1550 (he died in 1554). Where: Peru. For whom: readers in Spain. Why: to record the lands and peoples of Peru. Excerpt (Cieza de León, Chronicle of Peru, part 2, chapter 15; English translation by Clements R. Markham, 1883, p. 42): "One of the things which I admired most, in contemplating and noting down the affairs of this kingdom, was to think how and in what manner they can have made such grand and admirable roads as we now see… In some places, to secure the regular width, it was necessary to hew [cut] a path out of the living rock; all which was done with fire and their picks. In other places the ascents were so steep and high that steps had to be cut from below to enable the ascent to be made, with wider spaces at intervals for resting-places." Source card "Inca roads: what historians say today". Who made it: historians writing today. When: today. Where: the Andes of South America. For whom: readers today. Why: to sum up what research has found. Summary in our words, not a quotation: The Inca road system was about 30,000 to 40,000 km long; sources give different totals. Messages, goods and travelers moved on it without wheels. Relay runners called chasquis took over from each other at stations a few km apart (accounts range from about 2.5 to 9 km), and roadside tambos held supplies and lodging.
What does the historians' card add that Cieza's card does not, Jun asks?
- That paths were cut out of rock
- That Cieza admired the roads
- That steps were cut in steep places on the roads
- The total length, 30,000 to 40,000 km
What does Cieza's card add that the historians' card does not, Kira asks?
- Stations a few km apart
- A length of 30,000 to 40,000 km
- Relay runners called chasquis
- Paths cut out of rock with fire and picks
Cieza on shelters
Who made it: Pedro de Cieza de León, a Spanish soldier and official chronicler of Peru. When: about 1550 (he died in 1554). Where: Peru. For whom: readers in Spain. Why: to record the lands and peoples of Peru. Excerpt (Cieza de León, Chronicle of Peru, part 2, chapter 15; English translation by Clements R. Markham, 1883, p. 43): "In the snowy wildernesses and plains, shelter-houses were built, where travellers could take refuge from the cold and rain." Source card "Inca roads: what historians say today". Who made it: historians writing today. When: today. Where: the Andes of South America. For whom: readers today. Why: to sum up what research has found. Summary in our words, not a quotation: The Inca road system was about 30,000 to 40,000 km long; sources give different totals. Messages, goods and travelers moved on it without wheels. Relay runners called chasquis took over from each other at stations a few km apart (accounts range from about 2.5 to 9 km), and roadside tambos held supplies and lodging.
Which detail about messages appears only on the historians' card, Luz asks?
- Paths cut into rock
- Relay runners passed messages at stations
- Shelter-houses against cold and rain
- Messages went by wheeled cart along the roads
Cieza on Inca roads
Who made it: Pedro de Cieza de León, a Spanish soldier and official chronicler of Peru. When: about 1550 (he died in 1554). Where: Peru. For whom: readers in Spain. Why: to record the lands and peoples of Peru. Excerpt (Cieza de León, Chronicle of Peru, part 2, chapter 15; English translation by Clements R. Markham, 1883, p. 42): "One of the things which I admired most, in contemplating and noting down the affairs of this kingdom, was to think how and in what manner they can have made such grand and admirable roads as we now see… In some places, to secure the regular width, it was necessary to hew [cut] a path out of the living rock; all which was done with fire and their picks. In other places the ascents were so steep and high that steps had to be cut from below to enable the ascent to be made, with wider spaces at intervals for resting-places." Source card "Inca roads: what historians say today". Who made it: historians writing today. When: today. Where: the Andes of South America. For whom: readers today. Why: to sum up what research has found. Summary in our words, not a quotation: The Inca road system was about 30,000 to 40,000 km long; sources give different totals. Messages, goods and travelers moved on it without wheels. Relay runners called chasquis took over from each other at stations a few km apart (accounts range from about 2.5 to 9 km), and roadside tambos held supplies and lodging.
Milo reads the word corroborate. What does it mean?
- To trust the first source read
- To throw a source away once you have read it
- To check one source against another
- To copy a source word for word
Two cards agree on a point. Why does that make the point stronger, Noah asks?
- Agreement settles each detail
- Two cards are longer than one
- The second card simply copies the first card
- Separate sources back the same point
What makes the two Inca cards separate sources, Pia asks?
- They are on the same topic
- They are both by Cieza, the same chronicler
- Different makers, at different times
- They are printed in the same book
Tala claims the Inca road system was 30,000 to 40,000 km long. Which card or cards back that?
- Both cards
- Cieza's card
- The historians' card
- Neither card
Cieza on shelters
Who made it: Pedro de Cieza de León, a Spanish soldier and official chronicler of Peru. When: about 1550 (he died in 1554). Where: Peru. For whom: readers in Spain. Why: to record the lands and peoples of Peru. Excerpt (Cieza de León, Chronicle of Peru, part 2, chapter 15; English translation by Clements R. Markham, 1883, p. 43): "In the snowy wildernesses and plains, shelter-houses were built, where travellers could take refuge from the cold and rain." Source card "Inca roads: what historians say today". Who made it: historians writing today. When: today. Where: the Andes of South America. For whom: readers today. Why: to sum up what research has found. Summary in our words, not a quotation: The Inca road system was about 30,000 to 40,000 km long; sources give different totals. Messages, goods and travelers moved on it without wheels. Relay runners called chasquis took over from each other at stations a few km apart (accounts range from about 2.5 to 9 km), and roadside tambos held supplies and lodging.
Zee claims travelers could find shelter along the roads. Which card or cards back that?
- Neither card
- Cieza's card alone
- Both cards
- The historians' card alone