Economic systems at work: Brazil, Cuba and Mexico; Germany, Russia and the United Kingdom

Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet - Building Confidence

Circle the best answer.

1. Read this first

   Three economies in the Americas (2024)

   Columns Country | Who decides most of what is made | Workers in farming, industry, services: Brazil | mostly private businesses and buyers; the state controls some large firms, such as its main oil company | 7.7%, 20.3%, 72.0%; Cuba | mostly the state, which owns most large businesses and plans much production; since 2021, small private businesses are allowed | 15.8%, 17.0%, 67.2%; Mexico | mostly private businesses and buyers; the state owns the national oil company, Pemex | 11.6%, 24.7%, 63.7%. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "Two ways to decide what is made": [1] in a market economy, buyers and sellers choose; [2] prices rise and fall with what people want; [3] businesses make what sells; [4] in a command economy, the government plans what to make, and state firms make it. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3. Below the chain: most countries mix the two, with markets and some government choices: a mixed economy. Worker shares are World Bank (ILO) estimates for 2024. Each country is described, not ranked.

2. 1.

   What has Cuba allowed since 2021, by the table, Ren asks?

   • Small private businesses
   • A state oil company, as Mexico has
   • Elections for businesses
   • A new currency
3. 2.

   Who owns Mexico's national oil company, Tala asks?

   • Private businesses, which make most other goods
   • Brazil
   • The state
   • Buyers
4. 3.

   What share of Brazil's workers are in services, Zee asks?

   • 7.7%, the farming share
   • 63.7%
   • 72.0%
   • 20.3%
5. 4.

   What share of Cuba's workers are in farming, Ari asks?

   • 67.2%, the services share
   • 7.7%
   • 11.6%
   • 15.8%
6. 5.

   In an example, a bakery chooses what to bake by what sells best. Which way of deciding is that, Bo asks?

   • Barter
   • A market economy
   • A command economy, since the bakery plans
   • A tax
7. 6.

   In an example, a government office sets how many shoes each factory makes. Which way is that, Esme asks?

   • A mixed economy
   • Barter
   • A market economy, since shoes are sold
   • A command economy
8. 7.

   In a market economy, what happens after prices rise and fall with what people want, Jun asks?

   • The government plans what to make
   • Buyers and sellers choose
   • Prices stop changing
   • Businesses make what sells
9. 8.

   Kira reads the words mixed economy. What do they mean, by the note?

   • Trade between two countries
   • An economy where the government plans each good
   • Markets plus some government choices
   • An economy with no money
10. 9.

    Brazil's three worker shares are 7.7%, 20.3% and 72.0%. What do they add up to, Luz asks?

    • 92.3%
    • 100.0%
    • 120.0%
    • 28.0%
11. 10.

    Which sentence about the table is careful, by the note, Noah asks?

    • Mexico's system works worse than Cuba's
    • Cuba's system works better than Brazil's
    • It describes, without ranking
    • The three plan each good