Economic systems at work: Brazil, Cuba and Mexico; Germany, Russia and the United Kingdom

Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet - Building Confidence

Circle the best answer.

1. Read this first

   Three economies in the Americas (2024)

   Columns Country | Who decides most of what is made | Workers in farming, industry, services: Brazil | mostly private businesses and buyers; the state controls some large firms, such as its main oil company | 7.7%, 20.3%, 72.0%; Cuba | mostly the state, which owns most large businesses and plans much production; since 2021, small private businesses are allowed | 15.8%, 17.0%, 67.2%; Mexico | mostly private businesses and buyers; the state owns the national oil company, Pemex | 11.6%, 24.7%, 63.7%. Then, below the table: Cause and effect chain "Two ways to decide what is made": [1] in a market economy, buyers and sellers choose; [2] prices rise and fall with what people want; [3] businesses make what sells; [4] in a command economy, the government plans what to make, and state firms make it. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3. Below the chain: most countries mix the two, with markets and some government choices: a mixed economy. Worker shares are World Bank (ILO) estimates for 2024. Each country is described, not ranked.

2. 1.

   In Pia's table, who decides most of what is made in Cuba?

   • No one
   • Mostly the state
   • Foreign companies alone
   • Mostly private businesses and buyers, as in Mexico
3. 2.

   What has Cuba allowed since 2021, by the table, Ren asks?

   • Elections for businesses
   • A new currency
   • Small private businesses
   • A state oil company, as Mexico has
4. 3.

   Who owns Mexico's national oil company, Tala asks?

   • Buyers
   • Private businesses, which make most other goods
   • The state
   • Brazil
5. 4.

   What share of Brazil's workers are in services, Zee asks?

   • 63.7%
   • 72.0%
   • 7.7%, the farming share
   • 20.3%
6. 5.

   What share of Cuba's workers are in farming, Ari asks?

   • 7.7%
   • 11.6%
   • 67.2%, the services share
   • 15.8%
7. 6.

   In an example, a bakery chooses what to bake by what sells best. Which way of deciding is that, Bo asks?

   • A command economy, since the bakery plans
   • A tax
   • A market economy
   • Barter
8. 7.

   In an example, a government office sets how many shoes each factory makes. Which way is that, Esme asks?

   • A market economy, since shoes are sold
   • Barter
   • A command economy
   • A mixed economy
9. 8.

   In a market economy, what happens after prices rise and fall with what people want, Jun asks?

   • Businesses make what sells
   • Prices stop changing
   • The government plans what to make
   • Buyers and sellers choose
10. 9.

    Why does the note call most countries mixed economies, Milo asks?

    • No country uses markets
    • Each country uses one pure system
    • They share one currency
    • They use markets and some government choices
11. 10.

    Which sentence about the table is careful, by the note, Noah asks?

    • It describes, without ranking
    • The three plan each good
    • Cuba's system works better than Brazil's
    • Mexico's system works worse than Cuba's