Feudal Europe: lords, vassals, knights and serfs, and life on a manor
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet

Circle the best answer.
In the manor chain, one box leads to two effects. Which box is it, Ren asks?
- No box in this chain leads to two effects
- The serf owes work on the demesne
- The lord owes protection
- The lord lets a serf family farm fields
What are the two effects of the serf family's fields, Tala asks?
Use the picture in question 1.
- Duties for the serf, and duties for the lord
- Freedom to leave the manor
- Duties for the serf, and nothing owed by the lord
- One effect: the serf owns the manor
In the income chain, which box has two causes leading into it, Zee asks?
Cause and effect chain "How the lord earned from the manor": [1] the lord owns the manor's mill and bakery; [2] the lord holds the manor court; [3] villagers pay charges to grind grain at the mill or bake at the bakery; [4] the court brings in payments; [5] the lord gains income besides the demesne's crops. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5, 4 → 5. Cause and effect chain "How the lord earned from the manor": [1] the lord owns the manor's mill and bakery; [2] the lord holds the manor court; [3] villagers pay charges to grind grain at the mill or bake at the bakery; [4] the court brings in payments; [5] the lord gains income besides the demesne's crops. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5, 4 → 5. How the lord earned from the manor [1] the lord owns the manor's mill and bakery [2] the lord holds the manor court [3] villagers pay charges to grind grain at the mill or bake at the bakery [4] the court brings in payments [5] the lord gains income besides the demesne's crops - The lord holds the manor court
- The lord gains income besides crops
- The lord owns the mill and bakery on the manor
- No box has two causes
Cause and effect chain "A serf and a lord: duties each way": [1] the lord lets a serf family farm fields on the manor for its own food; [2] the serf owes work on the demesne, the lord's own land, plus crops or cash; [3] the lord owes the serf protection and justice in the manor court. Arrows: 1 → 2, 1 → 3. Below the chain: serfs were bound to the land. A serf could not leave without the lord's permission. Cause and effect chain "A serf and a lord: duties each way": [1] the lord lets a serf family farm fields on the manor for its own food; [2] the serf owes work on the demesne, the lord's own land, plus crops or cash; [3] the lord owes the serf protection and justice in the manor court. Arrows: 1 → 2, 1 → 3. Below the chain: serfs were bound to the land. A serf could not leave without the lord's permission. A serf and a lord: duties each way [1] the lord lets a serf family farm fields on the manor for its own food [2] the serf owes work on the demesne, the lord's own land, plus crops or cash [3] the lord owes the serf protection and justice in the manor court Below the chain: serfs were bound to the land. A serf could not leave without the lord's permission. What is the demesne, Ari asks?
- The room where the manor court meets
- The village bakery
- The lord's own land on the manor
- The serf family's fields
Could a serf leave the manor freely, Bo asks?
Use the picture in question 4.
- No, not without the lord's permission
- Yes, on any day of the year they chose
- Yes, after each harvest
- No, serfs had to move each year
What did villagers pay charges for, Esme asks?
Cause and effect chain "How the lord earned from the manor": [1] the lord owns the manor's mill and bakery; [2] the lord holds the manor court; [3] villagers pay charges to grind grain at the mill or bake at the bakery; [4] the court brings in payments; [5] the lord gains income besides the demesne's crops. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5, 4 → 5. Cause and effect chain "How the lord earned from the manor": [1] the lord owns the manor's mill and bakery; [2] the lord holds the manor court; [3] villagers pay charges to grind grain at the mill or bake at the bakery; [4] the court brings in payments; [5] the lord gains income besides the demesne's crops. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5, 4 → 5. How the lord earned from the manor [1] the lord owns the manor's mill and bakery [2] the lord holds the manor court [3] villagers pay charges to grind grain at the mill or bake at the bakery [4] the court brings in payments [5] the lord gains income besides the demesne's crops - Joining a craft guild in a town
- Working on the demesne
- Swearing fealty
- Grinding grain and baking
Cause and effect chain "A serf and a lord: duties each way": [1] the lord lets a serf family farm fields on the manor for its own food; [2] the serf owes work on the demesne, the lord's own land, plus crops or cash; [3] the lord owes the serf protection and justice in the manor court. Arrows: 1 → 2, 1 → 3. Below the chain: serfs were bound to the land. A serf could not leave without the lord's permission. Cause and effect chain "A serf and a lord: duties each way": [1] the lord lets a serf family farm fields on the manor for its own food; [2] the serf owes work on the demesne, the lord's own land, plus crops or cash; [3] the lord owes the serf protection and justice in the manor court. Arrows: 1 → 2, 1 → 3. Below the chain: serfs were bound to the land. A serf could not leave without the lord's permission. A serf and a lord: duties each way [1] the lord lets a serf family farm fields on the manor for its own food [2] the serf owes work on the demesne, the lord's own land, plus crops or cash [3] the lord owes the serf protection and justice in the manor court Below the chain: serfs were bound to the land. A serf could not leave without the lord's permission. Why would a lord want serfs to stay on the land, Jun asks?
- Serfs owned the manor
- Serfs paid the lord nothing
- The lord needed their work
- The lord had no fields
Why did the manor court matter to a serf, Kira asks?
Use the picture in question 7.
- It was the village market
- It paid the serf wages each week
- It set serfs free
- It was where the serf could get justice
Milo's note says, "Serfs could move to another manor when they liked." Which fix is right?
Use the picture in question 7.
- Change it: they needed the lord's permission to leave
- Change "manor" to "town"
- Change "Serfs" to "Lords"
- Leave it: serfs were free to move
Noah's note says, "Serfs owed duties, and lords owed nothing." Which fix is right?
Use the picture in question 7.
- Leave it: duties went one way
- Change "Serfs" to "Vassals"
- Change it: lords owed protection and justice
- Change "duties" to "fields"