The Islamic caliphates: conquests, trade, Baghdad and the House of Wisdom
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet

Circle the best answer.
In the Arabic chain, which box leads to two effects, Milo asks?
- Arabic becomes the official language of the empire
- Gold coins carry Arabic words
- The reforms after the second civil war
- No box leads to two effects
What two effects came from the government reforms, Noah asks?
Use the picture in question 1.
- Arabic as the official language, and Arabic words on coins
- One effect, the second civil war
- Greek as the official language, and crosses kept on gold coins
- A new capital, and a new language for books
In the paper chain, which box leads to two effects, Pia asks?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s - Paper is made in Samarkand
- Books become much less expensive
- Paper is made in China
- The paper factory in Baghdad
By the note, which date is on the gold dinar, Ren asks?
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. - 750
- 697–98
- 105 CE
- The early 690s
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Where is paper made first in the paper chain, Tala asks?
- Samarkand
- Baghdad
- China
- Damascus
Which part of the paper chain is a tradition, a tale told later, Ari asks?
Use the picture in question 5.
- Chinese papermakers taught the craft in Samarkand after 751
- A paper factory was reported in the city of Baghdad about 795
- Paper mills worked in Damascus by the 900s
- Paper was reported to the emperor in 105 CE
Another source says paper was used in Samarkand before Arab rule. What does Bo learn from that?
Use the picture in question 5.
- The 751 story is proven
- The 751 story may not be the whole truth
- Paper was not made in Samarkand in any year
- Paper traveled from Baghdad to Samarkand
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Esme wants evidence for the Arabic reform that a museum could hold. Which fits best?
- A map of the Silk Roads
- A gold dinar dated 697–98
- A silk robe from Baghdad
- A tale told about the caliphs
Jun's note says, "Arabic became official before the second civil war." Which fix is right?
Use the picture in question 8.
- Leave it: the chain puts the reform of Arabic first
- Change "official" to "ancient"
- Change it: Arabic came after the civil war
- Change "Arabic" to "Greek"
Luz's note says, "Paper made books more expensive." Which fix is right?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. - Leave it: paper was costly to make and to buy
- Change it: books became much less expensive
- Change "expensive" to "heavy"
- Change "books" to "coins"