The Islamic caliphates: conquests, trade, Baghdad and the House of Wisdom
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet

Circle the best answer.
In the Arabic chain, which box leads to two effects, Milo asks?
- No box leads to two effects
- Arabic becomes the official language of the empire
- The reforms after the second civil war
- Gold coins carry Arabic words
What two effects came from the government reforms, Noah asks?
Use the picture in question 1.
- A new capital, and a new language for books
- Greek as the official language, and crosses kept on gold coins
- One effect, the second civil war
- Arabic as the official language, and Arabic words on coins
In the paper chain, which box leads to two effects, Pia asks?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s - Paper is made in China
- The paper factory in Baghdad
- Paper is made in Samarkand
- Books become much less expensive
By the note, which date is on the gold dinar, Ren asks?
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. - The early 690s
- 105 CE
- 697–98
- 750
Where is paper made first in the paper chain, Tala asks?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. - Damascus
- China
- Samarkand
- Baghdad
By the Arabic chain, who writes many books in Arabic under the Abbasids, Zee asks?
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. - Officials of the old Persian empire
- Scholars in Baghdad
- Coin makers in Damascus
- Traders on the Silk Roads
Which part of the paper chain is a tradition, a tale told later, Ari asks?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. - Paper was reported to the emperor in 105 CE
- A paper factory was reported in the city of Baghdad about 795
- Paper mills worked in Damascus by the 900s
- Chinese papermakers taught the craft in Samarkand after 751
Esme wants evidence for the Arabic reform that a museum could hold. Which fits best?
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. - A silk robe from Baghdad
- A tale told about the caliphs
- A map of the Silk Roads
- A gold dinar dated 697–98
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Kira's note says, "The first paper factory in Baghdad opened in 105 CE." Which fix is right?
- Change "Baghdad" to "Medina"
- Change 105 CE to about 795
- Leave it: 105 CE is in the chain
- Change "paper" to "silk"
Luz's note says, "Paper made books more expensive." Which fix is right?
Use the picture in question 9.
- Change it: books became much less expensive
- Leave it: paper was costly to make and to buy
- Change "books" to "coins"
- Change "expensive" to "heavy"