The Islamic caliphates: conquests, trade, Baghdad and the House of Wisdom
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet

Circle the best answer.
What two effects came from the government reforms, Noah asks?
- Arabic as the official language, and Arabic words on coins
- Greek as the official language, and crosses kept on gold coins
- One effect, the second civil war
- A new capital, and a new language for books
In the paper chain, which box leads to two effects, Pia asks?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s - The paper factory in Baghdad
- Books become much less expensive
- Paper is made in China
- Paper is made in Samarkand
By the note, which date is on the gold dinar, Ren asks?
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. - 750
- 697–98
- 105 CE
- The early 690s
Where is paper made first in the paper chain, Tala asks?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. - Baghdad
- Samarkand
- China
- Damascus
By the Arabic chain, who writes many books in Arabic under the Abbasids, Zee asks?
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. - Traders on the Silk Roads
- Officials of the old Persian empire
- Scholars in Baghdad
- Coin makers in Damascus
Another source says paper was used in Samarkand before Arab rule. What does Bo learn from that?
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. - Paper traveled from Baghdad to Samarkand
- The 751 story is proven
- Paper was not made in Samarkand in any year
- The 751 story may not be the whole truth
Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Cause and effect chain "Arabic and new coins": [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles; [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government; [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire; [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98; [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Arabic and new coins [1] the Umayyads rule lands once held by the Byzantine and Persian empires, and at first keep many of the old officials, symbols and coin styles [2] after a second civil war in the early 690s, a new branch of the Umayyad family reforms the government [3] Arabic becomes the official language of the empire [4] crosses and old pictures vanish from gold coins, and Arabic words replace Greek, as on the dinar of 697–98 [5] under the Abbasids, scholars in Baghdad write many books in Arabic Below the chain: one source dates the gold dinar to 697–98 and another to "around 700". A dinar is a gold coin. Esme wants evidence for the Arabic reform that a museum could hold. Which fits best?
- A map of the Silk Roads
- A silk robe from Baghdad
- A gold dinar dated 697–98
- A tale told about the caliphs
Jun's note says, "Arabic became official before the second civil war." Which fix is right?
Use the picture in question 7.
- Change "official" to "ancient"
- Change it: Arabic came after the civil war
- Leave it: the chain puts the reform of Arabic first
- Change "Arabic" to "Greek"
Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Cause and effect chain "Paper reaches the Abbasid world": [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older; [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there; [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795; [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows; [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Paper reaches the Abbasid world [1] paper is made in China; records report it to the emperor in 105 CE, and finds suggest it is older [2] paper is made in Samarkand, in Central Asia. Tradition (a tale told later): Chinese papermakers brought to Samarkand after the clash at the Talas River in 751 teach the craft there [3] a paper factory is reported in Baghdad about 795 [4] books become much less expensive, and the number of manuscripts grows [5] paper mills work in Damascus, Egypt and Morocco by the 900s Below the chain: another source says paper was already used in Samarkand about two generations before Arab rule reached it. Sources differ, which is why the story in box 2 is labeled a tradition. Kira's note says, "The first paper factory in Baghdad opened in 105 CE." Which fix is right?
- Leave it: 105 CE is in the chain
- Change "paper" to "silk"
- Change 105 CE to about 795
- Change "Baghdad" to "Medina"
Luz's note says, "Paper made books more expensive." Which fix is right?
Use the picture in question 9.
- Change it: books became much less expensive
- Leave it: paper was costly to make and to buy
- Change "books" to "coins"
- Change "expensive" to "heavy"