The Islamic caliphates: conquests, trade, Baghdad and the House of Wisdom
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet - Building Confidence

Circle the best answer.
Esme's chain has a blank box: what happened in 661?
- The community chose its first caliph after the death of Muhammad
- The first four caliphs began ruling the Muslim community from Medina
- The Abbasids took the caliphate and moved the capital to Baghdad
- The Umayyads took the caliphate and moved the capital to Damascus
Jun's chain has a blank box: what did the caliph al-Mansur do in 762?
Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] ?; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. The box marked ? is blank. Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] ?; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. The box marked ? is blank. Why Baghdad? [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands [2] ? [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000 - Moved the capital to Damascus
- Closed the Silk Roads for good
- Founded the new capital, Baghdad
- Gave the caliphate to the Umayyads
By the chain, what moves along the Silk Roads and Indian Ocean routes? Kira's chain has that box blank.
Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] ?; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. The box marked ? is blank. Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] ?; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. The box marked ? is blank. Why Baghdad? [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route [4] ? [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000 - Silk, spices and paper
- Grain, wool and lumber
- Gold, salt and coal
- Glass, tin and rice
Luz reads the word caliph. What is a caliph?
Cause and effect chain "Who ruled, and from where": [1] after Muhammad's death in 632, the community chooses a caliph, a successor, to lead it; [2] the first four caliphs rule from Medina, 632–661, and their lands spread from Arabia toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia; [3] in 661 the Umayyad family takes the caliphate and moves the capital from Medina to Damascus; [4] Umayyad caliphs rule from Damascus until 750; [5] in 750 the Abbasid family takes over the caliphate. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. Beside the chain is a timeline: 632 first caliph; 661 capital moves to Damascus; 750 Abbasid rule begins. On the map beside it, dotted arrows run from Medina toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia, and one arrow runs north from Medina to Damascus. Cause and effect chain "Who ruled, and from where": [1] after Muhammad's death in 632, the community chooses a caliph, a successor, to lead it; [2] the first four caliphs rule from Medina, 632–661, and their lands spread from Arabia toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia; [3] in 661 the Umayyad family takes the caliphate and moves the capital from Medina to Damascus; [4] Umayyad caliphs rule from Damascus until 750; [5] in 750 the Abbasid family takes over the caliphate. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. Beside the chain is a timeline: 632 first caliph; 661 capital moves to Damascus; 750 Abbasid rule begins. On the map beside it, dotted arrows run from Medina toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia, and one arrow runs north from Medina to Damascus. Who ruled, and from where [1] after Muhammad's death in 632, the community chooses a caliph, a successor, to lead it [2] the first four caliphs rule from Medina, 632–661, and their lands spread from Arabia toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia [3] in 661 the Umayyad family takes the caliphate and moves the capital from Medina to Damascus [4] Umayyad caliphs rule from Damascus until 750 [5] in 750 the Abbasid family takes over the caliphate Beside the chain is a timeline: 632 first caliph; 661 capital moves to Damascus; 750 Abbasid rule begins. On the map beside it, dotted arrows run from Medina toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia, and one arrow runs north from Medina to Damascus. - A successor who leads the Muslim community
- A merchant who sails to India and back
- A mapmaker who draws the capital cities
- A scholar who translates old books into Arabic
Noah reads about the Silk Roads. What were they?
Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. On the map beside the chain, Baghdad stands on the Tigris River, east of Damascus, and a dotted arrow runs from Damascus east to Baghdad. Timeline: 750 Abbasid rule begins; 762 Baghdad founded. Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. On the map beside the chain, Baghdad stands on the Tigris River, east of Damascus, and a dotted arrow runs from Damascus east to Baghdad. Timeline: 750 Abbasid rule begins; 762 Baghdad founded. Why Baghdad? [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000 On the map beside the chain, Baghdad stands on the Tigris River, east of Damascus, and a dotted arrow runs from Damascus east to Baghdad. Timeline: 750 Abbasid rule begins; 762 Baghdad founded. - A guild of silk weavers in Baghdad
- A canal dug by the caliph al-Mansur
- A single paved road across Iraq
- Trade routes linking China to the Mediterranean
Cause and effect chain "Who ruled, and from where": [1] after Muhammad's death in 632, the community chooses a caliph, a successor, to lead it; [2] the first four caliphs rule from Medina, 632–661, and their lands spread from Arabia toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia; [3] in 661 the Umayyad family takes the caliphate and moves the capital from Medina to Damascus; [4] Umayyad caliphs rule from Damascus until 750; [5] in 750 the Abbasid family takes over the caliphate. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. Beside the chain is a timeline: 632 first caliph; 661 capital moves to Damascus; 750 Abbasid rule begins. On the map beside it, dotted arrows run from Medina toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia, and one arrow runs north from Medina to Damascus. Cause and effect chain "Who ruled, and from where": [1] after Muhammad's death in 632, the community chooses a caliph, a successor, to lead it; [2] the first four caliphs rule from Medina, 632–661, and their lands spread from Arabia toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia; [3] in 661 the Umayyad family takes the caliphate and moves the capital from Medina to Damascus; [4] Umayyad caliphs rule from Damascus until 750; [5] in 750 the Abbasid family takes over the caliphate. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. Beside the chain is a timeline: 632 first caliph; 661 capital moves to Damascus; 750 Abbasid rule begins. On the map beside it, dotted arrows run from Medina toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia, and one arrow runs north from Medina to Damascus. Who ruled, and from where [1] after Muhammad's death in 632, the community chooses a caliph, a successor, to lead it [2] the first four caliphs rule from Medina, 632–661, and their lands spread from Arabia toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia [3] in 661 the Umayyad family takes the caliphate and moves the capital from Medina to Damascus [4] Umayyad caliphs rule from Damascus until 750 [5] in 750 the Abbasid family takes over the caliphate Beside the chain is a timeline: 632 first caliph; 661 capital moves to Damascus; 750 Abbasid rule begins. On the map beside it, dotted arrows run from Medina toward Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Persia, and one arrow runs north from Medina to Damascus. In which years did the first four caliphs rule from Medina, Pia asks?
- 632–750
- 632–661
- 750–762
- 661–750
Which family ruled from Damascus, Tala asks?
Use the picture in question 6.
- The Umayyad family
- The first four caliphs
- The Persian emperors
- The Abbasid family
On Zee's map, one arrow runs north from Medina in 661. Which city does it reach?
Use the picture in question 6.
- Baghdad
- Alexandria
- Damascus
- Mecca
Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. On the map beside the chain, Baghdad stands on the Tigris River, east of Damascus, and a dotted arrow runs from Damascus east to Baghdad. Timeline: 750 Abbasid rule begins; 762 Baghdad founded. Cause and effect chain "Why Baghdad?": [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands; [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq; [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route; [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes; [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5. On the map beside the chain, Baghdad stands on the Tigris River, east of Damascus, and a dotted arrow runs from Damascus east to Baghdad. Timeline: 750 Abbasid rule begins; 762 Baghdad founded. Why Baghdad? [1] the Abbasids' strongest support comes from the east, in Khurasan and the old Persian lands [2] in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founds a new capital, Baghdad, on the Tigris River in Iraq [3] Baghdad's links to the Persian Gulf let trade with the Indian Ocean skip the Red Sea route [4] silk, spices and paper move along the Silk Roads and the Indian Ocean routes [5] Baghdad grows into what is probably the largest city of the Muslim lands, until about 1000 On the map beside the chain, Baghdad stands on the Tigris River, east of Damascus, and a dotted arrow runs from Damascus east to Baghdad. Timeline: 750 Abbasid rule begins; 762 Baghdad founded. Which year does Ari's timeline give for the founding of Baghdad?
- 750
- 762
- 862
- 726
In which direction does the dotted arrow run from Damascus to Baghdad on Bo's map?
Use the picture in question 9.
- West
- East
- South
- North