Native peoples of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet - Challenge Me
Circle the best answer.
Read this first
Salmon, treaties and the courts in Washington
Nation (own name) Homeland Traditional ways of life Changes and hard history Today Nisqually the south Puget Sound watershed, from near Olympia to Mount Rainier a fishing people who live from the Nisqually River the Medicine Creek Treaty of December 26, 1854 set up a 1,280-acre reservation; whether Chief Leschi agreed to it was disputed the Nisqually Indian Tribe co-manages salmon with Washington State Treaty tribes of western Washington (20 tribes) Puget Sound and the Washington coast fishing at their usual and accustomed places, a right the treaties of the 1850s kept in 1974 Judge George Boldt ruled that the treaty tribes may take up to 50 percent of the harvestable fish, and made the tribes co-managers with the state the tribes and Washington State co-manage salmon river by river; the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, serving 20 tribes, was set up after the ruling Below the chart, a summary in our words: in 2004 the commission chair, Billy Frank Jr., wrote that the Boldt decision brought river-by-river salmon management to the state, and that the loss of salmon habitat over the past 100 years had slowed but not stopped.
How does the 1974 ruling connect to the treaties of the 1850s, Esme asks?
- It read the treaties as keeping the tribes' right to fish
- It cancelled the 1850s treaties along with their fishing rights
- It came before the treaties were signed
- It found the treaties gave the state the salmon
The Medicine Creek Treaty was signed in 1854. How many years later was the Boldt ruling, Jun asks?
- 20 years
- 120 years
- 220 years
- 100 years
What share of the harvestable fish may the treaty tribes take, Kira asks?
- Up to 50 percent
- Up to 25 percent
- Up to 20 percent
- Up to 100 percent
Which claim does the note under the chart support, Luz asks?
- Habitat loss is still a problem for salmon, though it has slowed
- Billy Frank Jr. wrote the note in 1854, at Medicine Creek
- The ruling doubled the number of fish the tribes caught
- Habitat loss stopped once the 1974 ruling was made
Which sentence about the Nisqually fits the chart and uses the right tense, Noah asks?
- The Nisqually homeland is the Aleutian Islands
- The Nisqually manage salmon with no say from the state
- The Nisqually fished the river long ago, before they were gone
- The Nisqually co-manage salmon with Washington State
Three nations and outside rule
Nation (own name) Homeland Traditional ways of life Changes and hard history Today Tlingit Southeast Alaska fishing and coastal trade 1867: the United States bought Alaska from Russia; Alaska Native peoples disputed Russia's right to sell their land a heritage institute keeps the languages and arts strong Unangax̂ the Aleutian and Pribilof Islands a sea-based way of life 1942: the US evacuated 881 Unangax̂ to camps for about two years; 1988: Congress recognized the harm and paid restitution an association teaches the culture and language Kwakwaka'wakw northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia potlatch gatherings 1884: Canada banned the potlatch; 1921: masks and regalia were taken; 1951: the ban ended a cultural society cares for returned treasures Below the chart: the rows repeat facts from the earlier charts so the three nations can be compared.
In which two rows was a government action later ended or made up for, Pia asks?
- The Tlingit and the Kwakwaka'wakw
- The Tlingit and the Unangax̂
- The Tlingit alone, in Southeast Alaska
- The Unangax̂ and the Kwakwaka'wakw
Which order of events is right, earliest first, Ren asks?
- Sale of Alaska, potlatch ban, evacuation
- Evacuation, potlatch ban, sale of Alaska
- Sale of Alaska, evacuation, potlatch ban
- Potlatch ban, sale of Alaska, evacuation
What does the Today column show the three nations share, Tala asks?
- Each won a court case about salmon rights
- Each has a group that keeps its culture strong today
- Each lost its homeland and is gone today
- Each is governed by one council that the three nations share
Salmon, treaties and the courts in Washington
Nation (own name) Homeland Traditional ways of life Changes and hard history Today Nisqually the south Puget Sound watershed, from near Olympia to Mount Rainier a fishing people who live from the Nisqually River the Medicine Creek Treaty of December 26, 1854 set up a 1,280-acre reservation; whether Chief Leschi agreed to it was disputed the Nisqually Indian Tribe co-manages salmon with Washington State Treaty tribes of western Washington (20 tribes) Puget Sound and the Washington coast fishing at their usual and accustomed places, a right the treaties of the 1850s kept in 1974 Judge George Boldt ruled that the treaty tribes may take up to 50 percent of the harvestable fish, and made the tribes co-managers with the state the tribes and Washington State co-manage salmon river by river; the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, serving 20 tribes, was set up after the ruling Below the chart, a summary in our words: in 2004 the commission chair, Billy Frank Jr., wrote that the Boldt decision brought river-by-river salmon management to the state, and that the loss of salmon habitat over the past 100 years had slowed but not stopped.
Zee's note says the Boldt decision gave the state sole control of salmon. Which fix matches the chart?
- The ruling made the tribes and the state co-managers
- The ruling made the tribes the sole managers
- The ruling was made in 1854 at Medicine Creek, by treaty
- The ruling ended salmon management in the state
Below the chart: the rows repeat facts from the earlier charts so the three nations can be compared. Bo's note says the potlatch ban began in 1951. Which fix matches the chart?
- The ban began in 1884 and ended in 1951
- The ban began in 1921 and ended in 1951
- The ban covered the Tlingit in Alaska
- The ban is still in force today