Decide which cause mattered most, and say why

Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet

Circle the best answer.

1. Read this first

   Use this

   The Dust Bowl (cards A to C; summaries in our words). Card A, weather: in the 1930s the southern Great Plains had a long drought, and strong winds blew across the open land. On April 14, 1935, a huge dust storm, remembered as Black Sunday, darkened the sky across the region. Card B, farming: the roots of prairie grass held the soil in place. In the 1910s and 1920s, when wheat prices were high, farmers plowed up millions of acres of prairie grass to plant wheat. When the drought came, much of that land had no grass or crop to hold the soil. Card C, the response: in 1935 the United States government created the Soil Conservation Service. Farmers were taught to plant rows of trees as windbreaks and to plow along the curves of a slope. Rain returned around 1939 to 1941, and the storms eased.

2. 1.

   Which statement best weighs drought against plowing as causes, Ari asks?

   • Drought explains the dust storms, because plowing is not on card A
   • Drought was the trigger, and plowing left soil bare: both mattered
   • Neither mattered, because wind alone moved the soil
   • Plowing explains the storms, because high wheat prices caused it
3. 2.

   Black Sunday was in 1935, and rain returned around 1939 to 1941. About how many years later did rain return, Bo asks?

   • About 24 to 26 years
   • About 3,874 to 3,876 years
   • About 4 to 6 years
   • About 14 to 16 years
4. 3.

   A student says, "Card A proves the drought alone caused the dust storms." How strong is that claim, Esme asks?

   • Weak: card B shows bare plowed land mattered too
   • Strong: card A names the drought and the wind, which is enough to explain it
   • Strong: card A says the storms began in the 1910s with the first plowing
   • Weak: weather cannot cause a dust storm, just people can
5. 4.

   Which order of causes fits cards A and B, Jun asks?

   • Wind lifted the soil first and high wheat prices then followed
   • High prices led to plowing; drought and wind then moved bare soil
   • Drought came first and farmers then plowed up the grass to plant wheat
   • High wheat prices led straight to dust storms, with nothing between
6. 5.

   Which cause could farmers have changed before the drought, Kira asks?

   • How they used the land: plowing grass up and leaving soil bare
   • The price of wheat, by agreeing together to sell it for less money
   • The drought, by choosing to plant a different crop each year
   • The wind, by planting rows of trees before the 1910s began
7. 6.

   Cards A and B together explain why strong winds moved so much soil. What is the best statement, Luz asks?

   • Winds were strong enough to move soil from any land, grass or not
   • Winds blew more because plowing makes the wind stronger
   • Winds carried the soil because farmers had burned the prairie grass
   • Winds crossed open land where plowing had removed the grass
8. 7.

   What changed between Black Sunday in 1935 and the early 1940s, Noah asks?

   • The Soil Conservation Service ended the drought, so the storms stopped
   • Farmers added windbreaks and rain returned, so the storms eased
   • Farmers plowed up more grass to restore wheat, and storms grew worse
   • Nothing changed until the 1950s, when new laws were passed
9. 8.

   A student says, "Card C proves the Soil Conservation Service ended the dust storms." How strong is that claim, Ren asks?

   • Weak: card C says rain also returned, so more than the Service helped
   • Weak: a government service cannot affect what happens on farms
   • Strong: the Service was created in 1935 and the storms eased afterward
   • Strong: card C says the Service brought back the rain
10. 9.

    These cards summarize accounts written later. Which source would add evidence from the time, Tala asks?

    • Photographs and letters from farmers in 1935
    • A forecast written in 1950 about the next drought
    • A modern map of the southern Great Plains
    • A new textbook that sums up the same events
11. 10.

    Which detail best supports the claim that farming practice was a cause, Zee asks?

    • Card A: Black Sunday darkened the sky across the region
    • Card A: strong winds blew across the open land of the plains
    • Card B: grass roots held the soil, and plowing took the cover
    • Card C: rain returned around 1939 to 1941 and storms eased