Scalars and vectors
Grade 11 Science Worksheet - Challenge Me
Circle the best answer, or write your answer on the line.
A boat travels 5 m/s in still water. It aims upstream to land directly opposite on a river 80 m wide with a 3 m/s current. How long is the crossing, Ari?
A boat travels 13 m/s in still water. It aims upstream to land directly opposite on a river 312 m wide with a 5 m/s current. How long is the crossing, Bo?
A boat travels 10 m/s in still water. It aims upstream to land directly opposite on a river 120 m wide with a 6 m/s current. How long is the crossing, Esme?
A 0.50 kg ball moving 6 m/s east hits a wall and rebounds at 4 m/s west. The contact lasts 0.020 s. What average force does the wall exert on the ball, Jun?
- 150 N, pointing west
- 250 N, pointing east
- 250 N, pointing west
- 50 N, pointing west
A car goes round a bend at a steady 15 m/s, turning from east to north in 4.0 s. What is the size of its average acceleration, Kira?
- About 5.3 m/s²
- 3.75 m/s²
- 0 m/s², since the speed is steady
- 7.5 m/s²
Using the graph, what are the runner's average speed and average velocity over the 20 s, Luz?
- Average speed 2.5 m/s; average velocity 2.5 m/s
- Average speed 2.5 m/s; average velocity 0.5 m/s
- Average speed 1.5 m/s; average velocity 0.5 m/s
- Average speed 0.5 m/s; average velocity 2.5 m/s
Milo says two forces of equal size always add to twice that size. Agree or disagree?
- Disagree: that happens only for the same direction; at right angles the sum is about 1.4 times, and opposite forces give 0
- Agree: adding two equal numbers always gives double, whatever the directions, so the sum is twice that size
- Disagree: two equal forces always cancel, because equal sizes mean equal and opposite
- Agree: that is true unless the forces are at right angles, when they cannot add at all
Read this first
Drone positions (example data)
Time (s) East (m) North (m) 0 0 0 10 30 40 20 30 0 A drone flies straight between the readings in the table. Noah says its average velocity over the 20 s is 4.5 m/s. Does the table support the claim?
- Yes: it flew 50 m and then 40 m, which is 90 m in 20 s, so 4.5 m/s is its velocity
- Yes: velocity and speed have the same size for a drone
- No: it ends 30 m from the start, so its average velocity is 30 m/s east
- No: it ends 30 m east of the start, so the average velocity is 1.5 m/s east; 4.5 m/s is its average speed
Car A moves at 20 m/s east and car B at 15 m/s north. What is B's velocity relative to A, Ren?
- 5 m/s, directed north
- 35 m/s, directed north of west
- 25 m/s, directed 37° north of west
- 25 m/s, directed 37° north of east
A trip has an average speed of 8 m/s and an average velocity of 10 m/s. Can both be true, Zee?
- No: speed and velocity must be equal for any trip
- Yes: it happens when the trip is a straight line
- No: the displacement cannot be longer than the distance traveled, so the average velocity cannot be bigger
- Yes: velocity is a vector, so its size can be larger than the speed