The Crusades: causes, journeys and what changed in trade and ideas
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet - Challenge Me

Circle the best answer.
Why did the Crusaders turn against the city in 1204, by the chain, Jun asks?
- Venice wanted the city, and nothing else mattered
- The prince fell, and his payment never came
- The pope ordered them to take the city
- The Latin empire needed a new capital
Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. What changed: trade and ideas [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291) [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291 [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. What two things came from about 200 years of travel, by the chain, Kira asks?
- The sack of Constantinople, and the Latin empire
- Italian trading quarters, and many chronicles
- More spices in Europe, and nothing else
- Translations of Arabic science, made in the Crusader states
Which claim about spices do the chain and note support best, Luz asks?
Use the picture in question 2.
- Crusader trade raised demand, along with Europe's own trade growth
- Arabic science reached Europe mainly through the Crusader states and their ports
- Spices first reached Europe after 1291, when trade ended
- The Crusades on their own made Europeans want spices
Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204 [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202) [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203) [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204 [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. Which is the stronger explanation of the 1204 sack, with its reason, Milo asks?
- Several causes together, since the chain links three of them
- The Latin empire, since it went on ruling the city until 1261
- The debt alone, since it is the first box
- A plan from 1095, since the call came first
Which effect of 1204 do the chain and note both point to, Noah asks?
Use the picture in question 4.
- A deeper split between the Western and Eastern churches
- A quick reunion of the Western and Eastern churches
- Latin rule over the city that lasted from then to this day
- The Crusaders' arrival at Jerusalem in 1204
Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. What changed: trade and ideas [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291) [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291 [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. Card A calls the Alexiad pro-Byzantine. What should a reader keep in mind, Pia asks?
- It must be mistaken about each event and person it describes
- It was written long after 1291
- It was written by one of the Crusade's leaders
- It tells events from the Byzantine side and praises Alexius
Why read Cards A, B and C together, Tala asks?
Use the picture in question 6.
- Card C is the Byzantine side of the story
- The three were written by Crusaders on the march
- They tell the same story in the same words
- Each tells the Crusades from a different side
Zee's note says the Crusades brought Arabic science to Europe through the Crusader states. Which change fixes it?
Use the picture in question 6.
- Change Arabic science to Greek poems
- Keep the note, since the trade chain in box 3 says exactly that
- The routes were Spain and Sicily, not the Crusader states
- Change the Crusader states to Constantinople
Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204 [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202) [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203) [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204 [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. Ari's note says the Crusaders took Constantinople, a Muslim city, in 1204. Which change fixes it?
- Change 1204 to 1099, and keep the rest
- Constantinople was a Christian city, not a Muslim one
- Keep the note, since it was the city where Saladin ruled
- Change Constantinople to Jerusalem
Bo's note says the pope praised the Crusaders for taking Constantinople. Which change fixes it?
Use the picture in question 9.
- Change 1204 to 1261 in the note
- Change the pope to the leader of Venice
- Keep the note: the pope had planned the attack
- The pope was ashamed and rebuked them