The Crusades: causes, journeys and what changed in trade and ideas
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet - Challenge Me

Circle the best answer.
Which two boxes lead into the voyage to Constantinople, Esme asks?
- An order from the pope, together with the debt
- The sack of 1204 and the Latin empire
- The debt to Venice and the prince's offer
- The debt to Venice, on its own
Why did the Crusaders turn against the city in 1204, by the chain, Jun asks?
Use the picture in question 1.
- The Latin empire needed a new capital
- The pope ordered them to take the city
- The prince fell, and his payment never came
- Venice wanted the city, and nothing else mattered
Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. What changed: trade and ideas [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291) [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291 [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. What two things came from about 200 years of travel, by the chain, Kira asks?
- The sack of Constantinople, and the Latin empire
- More spices in Europe, and nothing else
- Italian trading quarters, and many chronicles
- Translations of Arabic science, made in the Crusader states
Which claim about spices do the chain and note support best, Luz asks?
Use the picture in question 3.
- Arabic science reached Europe mainly through the Crusader states and their ports
- Crusader trade raised demand, along with Europe's own trade growth
- Spices first reached Europe after 1291, when trade ended
- The Crusades on their own made Europeans want spices
Which is the stronger explanation of the 1204 sack, with its reason, Milo asks?
Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204 [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202) [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203) [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204 [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. - Several causes together, since the chain links three of them
- A plan from 1095, since the call came first
- The debt alone, since it is the first box
- The Latin empire, since it went on ruling the city until 1261
Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. Cause and effect chain "What changed: trade and ideas": [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291); [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports; [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291; [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth; [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 1 → 5. Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. What changed: trade and ideas [1] Crusaders and pilgrims travel between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean for about 200 years (1095 to 1291) [2] Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa, gain quarters in Crusader ports [3] trade with the Muslim world grows, and some trading posts last long after 1291 [4] returning Crusaders want more spices and eastern cloth [5] writers produce many chronicles and eyewitness accounts, in Latin and in everyday languages Below the chain, three cards in our words. Card A: Anna Komnene (1083 to about 1153), a Byzantine princess and historian, wrote the Alexiad about her father, Alexius I; it praises him highly and is a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. Card B: Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095 to 1188), a Muslim knight born in Syria who fought with Saladin, wrote a memoir of his life during the Crusades. Card C: Geoffrey of Villehardouin, a French noble on the Fourth Crusade, wrote one of its main accounts. A historian's note: Europe's own growing trade also raised demand for spices, and, unlike Spain and Sicily, the Crusader states were not, it seems, a route for Arabic science reaching the West. Which two cards come from writers who lived in the East, not western Europe, Ren asks?
- Card A and Card C
- Card A and Card B
- Card C, by itself
- Card B and Card C
Why read Cards A, B and C together, Tala asks?
Use the picture in question 6.
- They tell the same story in the same words
- Each tells the Crusades from a different side
- Card C is the Byzantine side of the story
- The three were written by Crusaders on the march
Zee's note says the Crusades brought Arabic science to Europe through the Crusader states. Which change fixes it?
Use the picture in question 6.
- Change the Crusader states to Constantinople
- The routes were Spain and Sicily, not the Crusader states
- Change Arabic science to Greek poems
- Keep the note, since the trade chain in box 3 says exactly that
Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. Cause and effect chain "The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204": [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202); [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne; [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203); [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes; [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204; [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens. Arrows: 1 → 3, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 5 → 6. Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. The Fourth Crusade, 1202 to 1204 [1] the Crusaders owe Venice for a fleet they cannot pay for (1202) [2] a Byzantine prince offers money and help if the Crusaders put him on the throne [3] the fleet sails to Constantinople, and the prince is crowned (1203) [4] the prince is overthrown in early 1204, and the promised payment never comes [5] the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople, a Christian city, on April 12, 1204 [6] a Latin empire rules the city until 1261, and the split between the Catholic West and the Orthodox East hardens Below the chain: when Pope Innocent III heard what the Crusaders had done, he was ashamed and rebuked them. Ari's note says the Crusaders took Constantinople, a Muslim city, in 1204. Which change fixes it?
- Change Constantinople to Jerusalem
- Constantinople was a Christian city, not a Muslim one
- Keep the note, since it was the city where Saladin ruled
- Change 1204 to 1099, and keep the rest
Bo's note says the pope praised the Crusaders for taking Constantinople. Which change fixes it?
Use the picture in question 9.
- The pope was ashamed and rebuked them
- Change 1204 to 1261 in the note
- Change the pope to the leader of Venice
- Keep the note: the pope had planned the attack