The Crusades: causes, journeys and what changed in trade and ideas
Grade 7 Social Studies Worksheet

Circle the best answer.
Which box in the Rhineland chain leads to two effects, Bo asks?
- The communities rebuild their towns
- Bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley first
- The attacks on the Jewish communities, May 1096
- No box in this chain leads to two effects
Which box in the Saladin chain leads to two effects, Esme asks?
Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Saladin and the Third Crusade [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187 [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187 [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. - Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria
- No box in this chain leads to two effects
- Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin, October 1187
- The treaty signed in September 1192
What two effects came from the attacks of May 1096, Jun asks?
Cause and effect chain "Spring 1096 in the Rhineland": [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out; [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096; [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not; [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost; [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. Cause and effect chain "Spring 1096 in the Rhineland": [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out; [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096; [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not; [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost; [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. Spring 1096 in the Rhineland [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096 [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. - The bands gathered, and Henry IV sent a letter
- The main armies turned back from the East to guard the towns
- Just one effect: the towns were rebuilt
- Many lost their lives, and Jewish writers recorded it
When did Jerusalem surrender to Saladin, by the chain, Kira asks?
Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Saladin and the Third Crusade [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187 [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187 [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. - July 4, 1187
- October 2, 1187
- July 15, 1099
- September 2, 1192
Cause and effect chain "Spring 1096 in the Rhineland": [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out; [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096; [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not; [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost; [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. Cause and effect chain "Spring 1096 in the Rhineland": [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out; [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096; [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not; [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost; [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. Spring 1096 in the Rhineland [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096 [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. What does the chain say came after the communities' losses, Milo asks?
- The communities rebuilt, and the towns regained their place
- Bands of Crusaders gathered in the Rhine valley
- The communities moved away from Europe to lands far to the east
- The main armies reached Jerusalem
Who wrote forbidding harm to the Jews, by the note, Noah asks?
Use the picture in question 5.
- Pope Urban II
- Count Emicho
- Emperor Alexius I
- Emperor Henry IV
The note says historians see 1096 as a turning point. Which claim fits that, Pia asks?
Use the picture in question 5.
- It was the year the 1192 treaty was signed
- It ended Jewish life in the Rhineland for good
- It was a small event that most historians have now forgotten
- It changed relations between Jews and Christians in Europe
Tala's note says the Third Crusade began before Saladin took Jerusalem. Which change fixes it?
Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Saladin and the Third Crusade [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187 [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187 [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. - Change 1187 to 1099, and keep the order
- Keep the note as it is, since the crusade came first
- Change Saladin to Richard I in the note
- Swap the order: 1187 first, then the crusade
Zee's note says Emperor Henry IV ordered the Rhineland attacks. Which change fixes it?
Cause and effect chain "Spring 1096 in the Rhineland": [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out; [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096; [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not; [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost; [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. Cause and effect chain "Spring 1096 in the Rhineland": [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out; [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096; [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not; [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost; [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 2 → 4, 3 → 5. Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. Spring 1096 in the Rhineland [1] bands of Crusaders gather in the Rhine valley before the main armies set out [2] some bands, one led by Count Emicho, attack the Jewish communities of Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Cologne in May 1096 [3] many Jewish men, women and children lose their lives; some find protection with bishops, and some do not [4] Jewish writers record what happened and the names of those lost [5] the communities rebuild, and the four towns soon regain their importance Below the chain: Emperor Henry IV had written to the princes and bishops forbidding them to harm the Jews. Historians see 1096 as a turning point in relations between Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. - Change the Rhineland to Jerusalem
- Henry IV forbade harm; bands such as Emicho's attacked
- Change Henry IV to Pope Urban II
- Keep the note, since the emperor himself led the attacking bands
Ari's note says the 1192 treaty gave Jerusalem to the Crusaders. Which change fixes it?
Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Cause and effect chain "Saladin and the Third Crusade": [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states; [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187; [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187; [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I; [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city; [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem. Arrows: 1 → 2, 2 → 3, 3 → 4, 4 → 5, 3 → 6. Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. Saladin and the Third Crusade [1] Saladin unites the Muslim rulers of Egypt and Syria against the Crusader states [2] Saladin defeats the main Crusader army at Hattin, July 4, 1187 [3] Jerusalem surrenders to Saladin on October 2, 1187 [4] the Third Crusade (1189 to 1192) sets out, led by Richard I of England, Philip II of France and Emperor Frederick I [5] a treaty signed September 2, 1192 leaves Jerusalem with Saladin and lets Christian pilgrims visit the city [6] Jews are again allowed to live in Jerusalem Below the chain: when the city surrendered, Saladin agreed to let its Christians buy their freedom, as long as the city's Muslims were left unharmed. - Keep the note, since Richard I won the city back for good
- Change 1192 to 1187, and keep the rest
- The treaty let Saladin visit, but not rule
- The city stayed with Saladin, and pilgrims could visit