Adding -ed, -ing, -er or -est to a word looks easy until the spelling of the word has to change. Third graders learn three rules for it. A short word with one vowel and one last consonant doubles that consonant, so stop becomes stopped and big becomes bigger. A word that ends in a silent e loses the e before an ending that starts with a vowel, so bake becomes baking. A word that ends in a consonant plus y changes the y to i before -ed, -er and -est, so carry becomes carried, while the y stays before -ing and after a vowel, as in carrying and played.
On this worksheet your child joins a word and its ending and writes the new word on the line. The first rows only add the ending, and the later rows need a rule. Say the rule out loud before writing.
What your child will learn
Double the last letter in short words, as in stopped
Drop the silent e before an ending that starts with a vowel
Change y to i before -ed, -er and -est
Add -ed, -ing, -er and -est and spell the new word
Common Core standard: L.3.2.E
Worked example
Add -ing to bake: take off the silent e, then write baking.
Common mistake
Adding the ending without changing the word, such as bakeing or stoped.
Helpful hint
Look at the last letters of the word, then decide which rule fits.