With and without oxygen: respiration and fermentation
Grade 9 Science Worksheet - Challenge Me
Circle the best answer.
Read this first
Use this
ATP card (sourced values, per 1 glucose). The cell has no oxygen at first: fermentation, 2 ATP in total. After oxygen is added, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion: aerobic respiration, about 30 ATP in total.
A cell that can ferment or use aerobic respiration has been fermenting 1 glucose. Pia adds oxygen. Predict the ATP total per glucose, and why.
- It rises from 2 to about 30 ATP, since pyruvate now enters the mitochondrion
- It rises from 0 to about 30 ATP, since the cell made no ATP before
- It falls from 2 to 0 ATP, since oxygen would stop glycolysis
- It stays at 2 ATP, since fermentation and aerobic respiration make the same total
“model, not to scale” A chemical blocks the step that turns NADH into NAD+ in a muscle cell without oxygen. Ren predicts what happens to glycolysis and its ATP, and why.
- Glycolysis continues unchanged, because just the mitochondrion is affected
- Glycolysis continues, because glycolysis takes the oxygen it needs from the muscle cell
- Glycolysis continues at 2 ATP per glucose, because built-up NADH acts as fuel
- Glycolysis slows to a stop and ATP from glucose stops, because NAD+ is not replaced
ATP card (sourced values)
path ATP in total per 1 glucose Aerobic respiration about 30 Fermentation 2 Tala's class models a muscle cell given 10 glucose. With oxygen it makes about 300 ATP. Oxygen is removed, so only glycolysis and fermentation remain. Predict the new total.
- It falls from about 300 to 0 ATP, because ATP needs oxygen
- It falls from about 300 to 0 ATP, because muscle cells cannot ferment like yeast
- It stays near 300 ATP, because glycolysis makes most of the cell's ATP
- It falls from about 300 to 20 ATP
Use this
Two cards. Mud core card (model data, 4 rows). Columns: depth (cm), oxygen (mg/L). 0, 6. 1, 2. 3, 0. 8, 0. Final electron acceptor card (sourced facts, 4 rows). Columns: final electron acceptor, becomes. Oxygen, water. Sulfate, hydrogen sulfide gas. Iron (ferric), iron (ferrous). Carbon dioxide, methane.
Zee's class reads two cards about wetland mud. Microbes at 8 cm make ATP with an electron transport chain. Which statement fits both cards?
- Oxygen reads 0, so a chain there must end with another acceptor, such as sulfate
- Oxygen reads 0, so those microbes make no ATP and release nothing
- Oxygen reads 6, so those microbes end the chain with oxygen and make water
- Oxygen reads 0, so those microbes ferment, which is the same as ending a chain with sulfate
Use this
Two cards. ATP card (sourced values, 1 row). Columns: path, ATP in total per 1 glucose. Fermentation, 2. NAD+ card (sourced facts, 1 row). Columns: stage, NAD+ regenerated per 1 glucose. Fermentation, 2.
A model muscle sample made 50 ATP in total by fermentation alone. Bo uses both cards to find how many glucose were used and how many NAD+ were regenerated.
- 25 glucose and 25 NAD+
- About 2 glucose and 4 NAD+
- 25 glucose and 50 NAD+
- 25 glucose and 0 NAD+
Use this
Notebook lines (model data, 4 rows). Columns: line, notebook says. 1, Yeast cells in bread dough ferment sugar and release CO2 gas. 2, Bacteria in yogurt ferment milk sugar into lactic acid. 3, Muscle cells cannot ferment, so only yeast cells use fermentation. 4, Some microbes in wetland mud use sulfate instead of oxygen.
Jun's notebook lists four lines about microbes and cells. One line has a flaw. Which line has the flaw?
- Line 3: muscle cells and some bacteria also ferment, so yeast are not the only ones
- Line 2: yogurt bacteria need oxygen to ferment the milk sugar
- Line 1: yeast fermentation makes lactic acid, not a gas
- Line 4: microbes in mud make no ATP because they lack oxygen
Kira's class concludes that sugar makes yeast release gas. Read about only. Kira's class reads about the dough test and concludes that sugar makes yeast release gas. What is the flaw in the test?
- Sugar and temperature both differ, so sugar cannot be named as the cause
- Cup B should have had more yeast than Cup A to be fair
- Height is the wrong measure, since ATP counts are what show fermentation
- Cup B needed oxygen added, since fermentation cannot run without it
ATP card (sourced values)
path ATP in total per 1 glucose Aerobic respiration about 30 Fermentation 2 Luz's classmate says sprinting muscle cells switch to fermentation because it makes more ATP than aerobic respiration. Do you agree?
- Agree: fermentation nets about 30 ATP per glucose, so it is the better choice
- Disagree: muscle cells do not ferment; yeast cells do
- Disagree: fermentation makes about 2 ATP per glucose against about 30, but it keeps glycolysis going when oxygen is short
- Disagree: without oxygen, muscle cells make no ATP
Final electron acceptor card (sourced facts)
final electron acceptor becomes Oxygen water Sulfate hydrogen sulfide gas Iron (ferric) iron (ferrous) Carbon dioxide methane Milo's classmate says glycolysis cannot continue without oxygen, so microbes in oxygen-free mud make no ATP. Do you agree?
- Agree: glycolysis uses oxygen directly, so it stops in mud
- Disagree: regenerating NAD+ lets glycolysis continue, and some microbes end a chain with sulfate or iron
- Disagree: NADH built up in the cell supplies the ATP
- Disagree: fermentation needs oxygen, which the mud supplies
Noah's classmate says mud microbes that end an electron transport chain with sulfate are fermenting. Do you agree?
- Agree: any process that runs without oxygen is fermentation
- Disagree: sulfate users make no ATP, so neither process applies
- Disagree: they use the oxygen in sulfate for aerobic respiration
- Disagree: they run an electron transport chain ending with sulfate, which is anaerobic respiration
